Blow… away;       as strong as;        tens of thousands of

But how could the s               believe it was n             ? Everywhere they looked nearly everything was d            . All of the city's hospitals, 75%of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. B              covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could            them             . Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for traveling. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of s             .               cows would never give milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were s              . Then, later that afternoon, another big q             which was almost            the first one shook Tangshan. Some of the r             workers and doctors were t             under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and e        were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the d             would last.  

Send… to;        Hundreds of thousands;         dig out;           To the north of

All hope was not l             . Soon after the quakes, the army             150,000 soldiers             Tangshan to help the r           workers.
             of people were helped. The army o              teams to             those who were trapped and to b             the dead.
            the city, most of the 10,000 m            were rescued from the c             mines there. Workers built s             for survivors w             homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, t           and plane. Slowly, the city began to b            again.       

 
P28.     

  Burst;     destroy;     ruin;     trap;     well;     injure;     shock;      bury;

It was a frightening night. The dam cracked and then             under the weight of the water. The water went all over the fields and            quite a few villages along the river. Some buildings were in             and some farmers were            at the top of their houses. The water filled the canals and the             . Dead bodies and             animals were seen everywhere. People were            , but they had to            the dead bodies for health reasons. It was a very sad time.

P34, Elias’s story    the time when/          be generous with/         for which/         out of work;      the day when/    
   as soon as sb. can /           It was the truth/          In fact/          answer violence with violence/

My name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa.               I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult p             of my life . I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black l              to whom I went for advice. He offered g              to poor black people on their l             problems. He               his time,              I was grateful.
I needed his help because I had very little e           . I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school f             and the bus f           . I could not read or write well. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine; however, this was a time when one had got to have a p             to live in Johannesburg. S            I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about w            I would become               . 
           Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told me how to get the c            papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I became more h             about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was. When he o              the ANC Youth League, I joined it             . He said:  “The last thirty years have s             the greatest number of laws s               our rights and p             , until today we have reached a s              where we have almost no rights at all.”
______________. Black people could not v_______ or c             their leaders. The parts of town where they lived were places d              by white people. They could not get jobs they wanted. The places w             they were sent to live were the poorest a              in South Africa. No one could grow food there.               as Nelson Mandela said:
"... we were put in a p               in which we had either to a        we were less important, or fight the g             . We chose to a            the laws. We first broke the law in a way which was p             ; when this was not a             , only then did we decide to            ."    

                    As a matter of fact/           blow up/              be put in prison;

________________, I do not like v              , but in 1963 I helped him             some g            buildings. It was very d            because if I was caught I could            ,  but I was happy to help because I knew it would help us a             our dreams of making black and white people e             .   

P 36.         Equal/      official /      worry about/     mankind/        lawyer/     attack/   republic/     quality/        violence/         legal/           hopeful/     vote/      active

My name is Robert Sobukwe. Like Nelson Mandela I was a            who believed that all             is created             . I hate             and tried to use             ways so the black people could             for their government. As I live in South Africa, the              of the South African            did not agree with me. They            me for encouraging the blacks to fight against the government and put me in prison. Nobody was allowed to talk to me for five long years and I lost the ability to talk. Before I went to prison, I had been             that things would change. After I was released I found the            of life for black people had got worse. I was      my future, and soon I fell ill. Although I was not as successful as Nelson Mandela, many people remember me as one of the first            black fighters for human rights in South Africa.

P 38.   The rest of Elias' story        Make...adj.;          make...feel；            come to power;     find out;   be proud to;      beg for;      Come back to;        allow...to;        in prison;

You cannot i             how the name of Robben Island             us a             . It was a p            from which no one e             . There I spent the hardest time of my life. But when I got there Nelson Mandela was also there and he helped me. Mr. Mandela began a school for those of us who had little learning. He taught us during the lunch b            and the evenings when we should have been a             . We read books under our b             and used anything we could find to make c             to see the words. I became a good student. I wanted to study for my d            but I was not a              to do that. Later, Mr Mandela             the prison guards             join us. He said they should not be stopped from s            for their degrees. They were not cleverer than me, but they did p          their exams. So I knew I could get a degree too. That            me             good about myself. 
When I f              the four years in prison, I went to find a job. S           I was better e             , I got a job working in an office. However, the police              and told my b            that I had been             for blowing up government buildings. So I lost my job. I did not work again for twenty years u             Mr. Mandela and the ANC              in 1994. All that time my wife and children had to             food and help from relatives or friends. L               Mr. Mandela remembered me and gave me a job taking t            around my old prison on Robben Island. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. All the t            and fear of that time             me. I remembered the beatings and the c             of the guards and my friends who had died. I felt I would not be able to do it, but my family e            me. They said that the job and the p             from the new South African g             were my r             after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. So now at 51 I                 show visitors over the prison, for I helped to make our people free in their own land.