C

Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together, they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: international competitions encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred(敵意). There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sport encourages international brotherhood. Not only was there the tragic incident including the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by incidents caused mainly by smaller national contests. 

    One country received its second-place medals with visible anger after the hockey final. There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, the losers objecting to the final decisions. They were sure that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents’ victory was unfair. Their manager was in great anger when he said, “This wasn’t hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.” The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension（停賽）of the team for at least three years.

    Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism (愛國主義).

63. According to the author, recently the Olympic Games have ______.

A. created goodwill between the nations    

B. brought about only false national pride

C. put an end to misunderstanding and hatred

D. hardly showed any international friendship

64. The underlined word “disallowed” (in Paragraph 2) means “______”.

A. permitted to pass               B. considered as reasonable

C. won by the other side             D. refused to accept

65. What did the manager mean by saying, “Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished"?

A. His team would no longer take part in international games.

B. There should be no more Hockey matches organized by the Federation.

C. Hockey and the Federation are both ruined by the unfair decisions.

D. The Federation should break up.

66. The author gives the example in paragraph 2 to show ______.

 A. that competitiveness in the games discourages international friendship

 B. that sportsmen are often against the final decisions

 C. how false national pride led to undesirable incidents in international games

 D. that unfair decisions are common in the Olympic Games

67. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?

 A. More and more athletes will compete for their own honor.

 B. Athletes should compete as individuals in the Olympic Games.

 C. A game should be played competitively rather than for the love of the game.

 D. The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved.

D

Honesty may seem to be the best policy and a value that parents teach their children. However, a new study has suggested that parents lie to their children more often than we think.

“We are surprised by how often parenting by lying occurs to our children,” said researcher Kang Lee of the University of Toronto, Canada. “Our findings showed that even the parents who attached much importance to honesty with their children got involved in it.”

Researchers ran two studies in which parents and students commented on nine situations where a parent lied to a child to either shape behaviour or make it happy. For instance, a parent is embarrassed by a child’s crying and says, “The police will come to make sure that you behave if you don’t stop crying now.”

To control the emotion of the child, the parent told the child, “A favorite uncle has just died and become a star to watch over you.”

The researchers tested about 130 parents, mostly moms, asking whether they had told similar lies. More than 70 percent said they taught their children that lying is unacceptable. Even so, nearly 80 percent of the parents admitted they had told at least one similar lie.

Researcher Heyman suggested the reasons can be benefiting the parents themselves or protecting the child from scary issues, such as lying about a murder in the news.

“Children sometimes behave in ways that are likely to harm their long-term interests,” said Heyman. “It is common for parents to try out a number of strategies, including lying. When parents are dealing with the demands of getting through the day, concerns about possible long-term negative influences on children’s beliefs about honesty are not necessarily at the front position.”

68. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?

A. Honesty is no longer important in educating children.

B. Most parents don't lie to their children.

C. Many parents get used to teaching children by lying.

D.There’s no doubt that children often lie to their parents.

69. The purpose of the parent telling the lie in Paragraph 3 is to ________.

A. make the child feel happy B. give the child a punishment

C.teach the child to behave himself or herself D. prevent the child from crying

70. According to Heyman, ________.

A. children won’t be misled about honesty by lying

B. it’s unusual for parents to use lying to educate children

C. negative effects of lying aren’t paid enough attention to

D. it’s strange that some people worry about children’s beliefs

71. The purpose of this text is to ________.

A. show that children learn to lie from their parents   

B. show how to educate children by lying

C. show parenting by lying is universal

D. tell parents the importance of children's honesty
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